Evaluation of New White Maize (Zea mays L) Genotypes Under Drought Stress Using Selection Indices

Document Type : Original Research

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Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Egypt

Abstract

Thirteen drought tolerance or resistance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), harmonic mean (HM), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), sensitivity drought index (SDI), relative drought index (RDI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) and modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were calculated based on grain yield under drought and normal irrigation conditions to identify the best maize genotypes that can be grown under water stress condition. Yield under stress and favorable conditions were significantly and positively correlated with MP, GMP, YI, STI, KI.STI and K2.STI at Sids and Sakha environments. These results indicated that these indices were more effective in identifying high-yielding genotypes under drought stress as well as normal conditions. Cluster and biplot methods for screening drought-tolerant genotypes revealed that genotypes G5, G15, G20, G21, G22 and G23 at Sids and G3, G5, G8, G10, G11, G12, G13 and G21 at Sakha as the most drought tolerant genotypes. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into three groups i.e., tolerant, sensitive and semi-sensitive to drought conditions. The tolerant group consists of 5 and 9 genotypes, the semi-sensitive group consists of 13 and 15 genotypes and the sensitive group consists of 12 and 6 genotypes at Sids and Sakha, respectively.

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